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Law --- Droit --- Periodicals --- Periodicals. --- Périodiques --- Law. --- LAW. --- RUSSIAN FEDERATION. --- COMMONWEALTH OF INDEPENDENT STATES. --- Commonwealth of Independent States. --- Soviet Union. --- Soviet Union --- Constitution and Judicial System --- General and Others --- Policies --- Politics & Government (General) --- Russia. --- Acts, Legislative --- Enactments, Legislative --- Laws (Statutes) --- Legislative acts --- Legislative enactments --- Jurisprudence --- Legislation --- Regions --- CIS countries --- Commonwealth of Independent States countries --- Ex-Soviet republics --- Ex-Soviet states --- Former Soviet states --- New Independent States --- Newly Independent States --- NIS --- Ber. ha-M. --- Berit ha-Moʻatsot --- ESSD --- FSSR --- Ittiḥād al-Sūfiyīt --- Ittiḥād-i Jamāhīr-i Ishtirākīyah-i Shūrāʼīyah --- Ittiḥād-i Shūrav --- KhSHM --- PSRS --- Rusiyah --- Rusland --- Russia --- Russland --- Rusyah --- Sahaphāp Sōwīat --- Shūrav --- SNTL --- Sobhieṭ Ẏuniẏana --- Soi͡uz Radi͡ansʹkykh Sot͡sialistychnykh Respublik --- Soi͡uz Sovetskikh Sot͡sialisticheskikh Respublik --- Soi͡uz SSR --- Soṿet-Rusland --- Sovetakan Sotsʻialistakan Hanrapetutʻyunneri Miutʻyun --- Sovetakan Sotsʻialistakan Ṛespublikaneri Miutʻyun --- Sovetskiĭ Soi͡uz --- Sovetskiy Soyuz --- Soviyat Yūniyan --- Soyuz SSR --- SRSR --- SSHM --- SSR Kavširi --- SSṚM --- SSSR --- Su-lien --- Szovjetuni --- Tarybų Socialistinių Respublikų Sąjunga --- TSRS --- UdSSR --- Uni Soviet --- Uni Sovjet --- Unión de Repúblicas Socialistas Soviéticas --- Union of Soviet Socialist Republics --- Union soviétique --- Unione Sovietica --- URSS --- USSR --- Zȯvlȯlt Kholboot Uls --- Związek Radziecki --- Zwia̦zek Socjalistycznych Republik Radzieckich --- ZSRR --- ZSRS --- Związek Socjalistycznych Republik Radzieckich --- Związek Socjalistycznych Republik Sowieckich

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This book uses the formerly secret Soviet state and Communist Party archives to describe the creation and operations of the Soviet administrative command system. It concludes that the system failed not because of the 'jockey'(i.e. Stalin and later leaders) but because of the 'horse' (the economic system). Although Stalin was the system's prime architect, the system was managed by thousands of 'Stalins' in a nested dictatorship. The core values of the Bolshevik Party dictated the choice of the administrative command system, and the system dictated the political victory of a Stalin-like figure. This study pinpoints the reasons for the failure of the system - poor planning, unreliable supplies, the preferential treatment of indigenous enterprises, the lack of knowledge of planners, etc. - but also focuses on the basic principal-agent conflict between planners and producers, which created a sixty-year reform stalemate.

Economic order --- Russian Federation --- Bureaucracy --- Bureaucratie --- History --- Histoire --- Soviet Union --- URSS --- Economic conditions --- Politics and government --- Conditions économiques --- Politique et gouvernement --- Russia --- Conditions économiques --- Interorganizational relations --- Political science --- Public administration --- Organizational sociology --- Советский Союз --- Ber. ha-M. --- Związek Socjalistycznych Republik Radzieckich --- ZSRR --- Związek Socjalistycznych Republik Sowieckich --- ZSRS --- Szovjetunió --- TSRS --- Tarybų Socialistinių Respublikų Sąjunga --- SRSR --- Soi︠u︡z Radi︠a︡nsʹkykh Sot︠s︡ialistychnykh Respublik --- SSSR --- Soi︠u︡z Sovetskikh Sot︠s︡ialisticheskikh Respublik --- UdSSR --- Shūravī --- Ittiḥād-i Jamāhīr-i Ishtirākīyah-i Shūrāʼīyah --- Russia (1923- U.S.S.R.) --- Sovetskiy Soyuz --- Soyuz SSR --- Sovetskiĭ Soi︠u︡z --- Soi︠u︡z SSR --- Uni Sovjet --- Union of Soviet Socialist Republics --- USSR --- SSṚM --- Sovetakan Sotsʻialistakan Ṛespublikaneri Miutʻyun --- SSHM --- Sovetakan Sotsʻialistakan Hanrapetutʻyunneri Miutʻyun --- Unión de Repúblicas Socialistas Soviéticas --- Berit ha-Moʻatsot --- Rusyah --- Ittiḥād al-Sūfiyītī --- Rusiyah --- Rusland --- Soṿet-Rusland --- Uni Soviet --- Union soviétique --- Zȯvlȯlt Kholboot Uls --- Związek Radziecki --- ESSD --- Sahaphāp Sōwīat --- KhSHM --- SSR Kavširi --- Russland --- SNTL --- PSRS --- Su-lien --- Sobhieṭ Ẏuniẏana --- FSSR --- Unione Sovietica --- Ittiḥād-i Shūravī --- Soviyat Yūniyan --- Russian S.F.S.R. --- Business, Economy and Management --- Economics

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"This deeply informed book traces the dramatic history of early Soviet-western relations after World War I. Michael Jabara Carley provides a lively exploration of the formative years of Soviet foreign policy making after the Bolshevik Revolution, especially focusing on Soviet relations with the West during the 1920s. Carley demonstrates beyond doubt that this seminal period--termed the 'silent conflict' by one Soviet diplomat--launched the Cold War. He shows that Soviet-western relations, at best grudging and mistrustful, were almost always hostile. Concentrating on the major western powers--Germany, France, Great Britain, and the United States--the author also examines the ongoing political upheaval in China that began with the May Fourth Movement in 1919 as a critical influence on western-Soviet relations. Carley draws on twenty-five years of research in recently declassified Soviet and western archives to present an authoritative history of the foreign policy of the Soviet state. From the earliest days of the Bolshevik Revolution, deeply anti-communist western powers attempted to overthrow the newly formed Soviet government. As the weaker party, Soviet Russia waged war when it had to, but it preferred negotiations and agreements with the West rather than armed confrontation. Equally embattled by internal struggles for power after the death of V.I. Lenin, the Soviet government was torn between its revolutionary ideals and the pragmatic need to come to terms with its capitalist adversaries. The West too had its ideologues and pragmatists. This illuminating window into the overt and covert struggle and ultimate standoff between the USSR and the West during the 1920s will be invaluable for all readers interested in the formative years of the Cold War."--Jacket.

Diplomatic relations. --- Au�enpolitik. --- Internationale Politik. --- Diplomatiska förbindelser --- Internationella relationer --- historia. --- 1917-1945. --- Soviet Union --- Europe, Western --- Europe, Western. --- Soviet Union. --- Sowjetunion. --- Sovjetunionen. --- Västeuropa. --- Foreign relations --- Historia. --- Außenpolitik. --- Советский Союз --- Ber. ha-M. --- Związek Socjalistycznych Republik Radzieckich --- ZSRR --- Związek Socjalistycznych Republik Sowieckich --- ZSRS --- Szovjetunió --- TSRS --- Tarybų Socialistinių Respublikų Sąjunga --- SRSR --- Soi︠u︡z Radi︠a︡nsʹkykh Sot︠s︡ialistychnykh Respublik --- SSSR --- Soi︠u︡z Sovetskikh Sot︠s︡ialisticheskikh Respublik --- UdSSR --- Shūravī --- Ittiḥād-i Jamāhīr-i Ishtirākīyah-i Shūrāʼīyah --- Russia (1923- U.S.S.R.) --- Sovetskiy Soyuz --- Soyuz SSR --- Sovetskiĭ Soi︠u︡z --- Soi︠u︡z SSR --- Uni Sovjet --- Union of Soviet Socialist Republics --- USSR --- SSṚM --- Sovetakan Sotsʻialistakan Ṛespublikaneri Miutʻyun --- SSHM --- Sovetakan Sotsʻialistakan Hanrapetutʻyunneri Miutʻyun --- URSS --- Unión de Repúblicas Socialistas Soviéticas --- Berit ha-Moʻatsot --- Rusyah --- Ittiḥād al-Sūfiyītī --- Rusiyah --- Rusland --- Soṿet-Rusland --- Uni Soviet --- Union soviétique --- Zȯvlȯlt Kholboot Uls --- Związek Radziecki --- ESSD --- Sahaphāp Sōwīat --- KhSHM --- SSR Kavširi --- Russland --- SNTL --- PSRS --- Su-lien --- Sobhieṭ Ẏuniẏana --- FSSR --- Unione Sovietica --- Ittiḥād-i Shūravī --- Soviyat Yūniyan --- Russian S.F.S.R. --- West Europe --- Western Europe --- History.

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In the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, Russians from all ranks of society were bound together by a culture of honor. Here one of the foremost scholars of early modern Russia explores the intricate and highly stylized codes that made up this culture. Nancy Shields Kollmann describes how these codes were manipulated to construct identity and enforce social norms--and also to defend against insults, to pursue vendettas, and to unsettle communities. She offers evidence for a new view of the relationship of state and society in the Russian empire, and her richly comparative approach enhances knowledge of statebuilding in premodern Europe. By presenting Muscovite state and society in the context of medieval and early modern Europe, she exposes similarities that blur long-standing distinctions between Russian and European history.Through the prism of honor, Kollmann examines the interaction of the Russian state and its people in regulating social relations and defining an individual's rank. She finds vital information in a collection of transcripts of legal suits brought by elites and peasants alike to avenge insult to honor. The cases make clear the conservative role honor played in society as well as the ability of men and women to employ this body of ideas to address their relations with one another and with the state. Kollmann demonstrates that the grand princes-and later the tsars-tolerated a surprising degree of local autonomy throughout their rapidly expanding realm. Her work marks a stark contrast with traditional Russian historiography, which exaggerates the power of the state and downplays the volition of society.

Diffamation --- Honneur --- Honor --- Libel and slander --- Courts of honor --- History. --- Soviet Union --- History --- Honor, Courts of --- Business ethics --- Legal ethics --- Medical ethics --- Calumny --- Defamation --- Slander --- Torts --- Honour --- Chivalry --- Conduct of life --- Law and legislation --- Советский Союз --- Ber. ha-M. --- Zwia̦zek Socjalistycznych Republik Radzieckich --- Szovjetunió --- TSRS --- Tarybų Socialistinių Respublikų Sąjunga --- SRSR --- Soi︠u︡z Radi︠a︡nsʹkykh Sot︠s︡ialistychnykh Respublik --- SSSR --- Soi︠u︡z Sovetskikh Sot︠s︡ialisticheskikh Respublik --- UdSSR --- Shūravī --- Ittiḥād-i Jamāhīr-i Ishtirākīyah-i Shūrāʼīyah --- Russia (1923- U.S.S.R.) --- Sovetskiy Soyuz --- Soyuz SSR --- Sovetskiĭ Soi︠u︡z --- Soi︠u︡z SSR --- Uni Sovjet --- Union of Soviet Socialist Republics --- USSR --- SSṚM --- Sovetakan Sotsʻialistakan Ṛespublikaneri Miutʻyun --- SSHM --- Sovetakan Sotsʻialistakan Hanrapetutʻyunneri Miutʻyun --- URSS --- Unión de Repúblicas Socialistas Soviéticas --- Berit ha-Moʻatsot --- Rusyah --- Ittiḥād al-Sūfiyītī --- Rusiyah --- Rusland --- Soṿet-Rusland --- Uni Soviet --- Union soviétique --- Zȯvlȯlt Kholboot Uls --- Związek Radziecki --- ESSD --- Sahaphāp Sōwīat --- KhSHM --- SSR Kavširi --- Russland --- SNTL --- PSRS --- Su-lien --- Sobhieṭ Ẏuniẏana --- FSSR --- Unione Sovietica --- Ittiḥād-i Shūravī --- Soviyat Yūniyan --- Russian S.F.S.R. --- Courts --- Tribunaux --- Histoire --- Russia --- Courts of honor - Russia - History. --- Libel and slander - Russia - History. --- Honor - Russia - History. --- Patriarchy --- Muscovy --- litigation --- culture of honor --- Muscovite --- strategies of integration --- absolutist state --- European history --- early modern Russia

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"This book presents, above all, a study of the establishment and development of the Soviet organization and system of fashion industry and design as it gradually evolved in the years after the Second World War in the Soviet Union, which was, in the understanding of its leaders, reaching the mature or last stage of socialism when the country was firmly set on the straight trajectory to its final goal, Communism. What was typical of this complex and extensive system of fashion was that it was always loyally subservient to the principles of the planned socialist economy. This did not by any means indicate that everything the designers and other fashion professionals did was dictated entirely from above by the central planning agencies. Neither did it mean that their professional judgment would have been only secondary to ideological and political standards set by the Communist Party and the government of the Soviet Union. On the contrary, as our study shows, the Soviet fashion professionals had a lot of autonomy. They were eager and willing to exercise their own judgment in matters of taste and to set the agenda of beauty and style for Soviet citizens. The present book is the first comprehensive and systematic history of the development of fashion and fashion institutions in the Soviet Union after the Second World War. Our study makes use of rich empirical and historical material that has been made available for the first time for scientific analysis and discussion. The main sources for our study came from the state, party and departmental archives of the former Soviet Union. We also make extensive use of oral history and the writings published in Soviet popular and professional press."

Fashion --- Fashion design --- Socialism and culture --- History. --- Social aspects --- Culture and socialism --- Culture --- Clothing and dress --- Clothing design --- Dress design --- Design --- Style in dress --- Clothing trade --- Fashion. --- Fashion design. --- Socialism and culture. --- Apparel industry --- Clothiers --- Clothing industry --- Fashion industry --- Garment industry --- Rag trade --- Textile industry --- Tailors --- Soviet Union. --- Ber. ha-M. --- Berit ha-Moʻatsot --- ESSD --- FSSR --- Ittiḥād al-Sūfiyīt --- Ittiḥād-i Jamāhīr-i Ishtirākīyah-i Shūrāʼīyah --- Ittiḥād-i Shūrav --- KhSHM --- PSRS --- Rusiyah --- Rusland --- Russia --- Russland --- Rusyah --- Sahaphāp Sōwīat --- Shūrav --- SNTL --- Sobhieṭ Ẏuniẏana --- Soi͡uz Radi͡ansʹkykh Sot͡sialistychnykh Respublik --- Soi͡uz Sovetskikh Sot͡sialisticheskikh Respublik --- Soi͡uz SSR --- Soṿet-Rusland --- Sovetakan Sotsʻialistakan Hanrapetutʻyunneri Miutʻyun --- Sovetakan Sotsʻialistakan Ṛespublikaneri Miutʻyun --- Sovetskiĭ Soi͡uz --- Sovetskiy Soyuz --- Soviyat Yūniyan --- Soyuz SSR --- SRSR --- SSHM --- SSR Kavširi --- SSṚM --- SSSR --- Su-lien --- Szovjetuni --- Tarybų Socialistinių Respublikų Sąjunga --- TSRS --- UdSSR --- Uni Soviet --- Uni Sovjet --- Unión de Repúblicas Socialistas Soviéticas --- Union of Soviet Socialist Republics --- Union soviétique --- Unione Sovietica --- URSS --- USSR --- Zȯvlȯlt Kholboot Uls --- Związek Radziecki --- Zwia̦zek Socjalistycznych Republik Radzieckich --- ZSRR --- ZSRS --- Związek Socjalistycznych Republik Radzieckich --- Związek Socjalistycznych Republik Sowieckich